The Obesity pandemic is well established with >70% of US adults being overweight (BMI >25) or obese (BMI >30) or severely obese (BMI >40). Obesity contributes directly to cardiovascular risk factors, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, abnormal lipids, and sleep apnea. Obesity leads also to cardiovascular disease and cardiac mortality independently of other risk factors. Obesity is associated with coronary artery disease, heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation and sudden cardiac death.
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